0.25 μg of TRAF6 (mouse) antibody or pre-immune control IgG were incubated for 16 h at 4 deg C on a rotating wheel with 0.025 ml of cell extract (0.5 mg protein) from unstimulated IL-1R HEK293 cells and 7.5 μl of packed Protein G Sepharose beads. After centrifugation to pellet the antibody-Sepharose conjugate, the supernatants were removed and the immunoprecipitates washed three times with 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 1 % (v/v) Triton-X100, 0.05 % (v/v) 2-mercaptoethanol and 0.2 M NaCl. The supernatants and pellets were denatured in SDS and aliquots subjected to SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting with a commercial antibody from Santa Cruz (H-274).